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Install

I want to say first that this is not the only way of setting up such a system. There are many ways of achieving this goal but this is the way I take.

1 Requirements

To install such a system you will need the following:

2 Preliminary Note

In this tutorial I use the hostname server1.example.com with the IP address 192.168.0.100 and the gateway 192.168.0.1. These settings might differ for you, so you have to replace them where appropriate.

Screenshots are taken from an CentOS 7.x installation. Remove this remark as soon as pictures are replaced with CentOS 9.x screenshots. Content is basically equivalent.

3 Configure The Base System

Boot from your first USB drive.
As it can take a long time to test the installation media we skip this test here and press <ENTER> at the boot prompt:

Choose your language next:

CentOS 9 uses a central point of configuration.
We will enter each section and return until all our settings are done.

Network & Hostname

Set the hostname manually, e.g. server1.example.com

Enable the network interfaces and configure each of them

On to the configure network. The default setting here is to configure the network interfaces with DHCP, but we are installing a server, so static IP addresses are not a bad idea… Click on the Edit button after selecting the interface.

In the window that pops up uncheck Dynamic IP configuration (DHCP) and Enable IPv6 support and give your network card a static IP address (in this tutorial I'm using the IP address 192.168.0.100 for demonstration purposes) and a suitable netmask (e.g. 255.255.255.0; if you are not sure about the right values, http://www.subnetmask.info might help you) also enter a gateway (e.g. 192.168.0.1) and up to two DNS servers (e.g. 8.8.8.8 and 145.253.2.75). By default all interfaces are not connected automatically, in most cases you want to change this.

Date & Time

Choose your time zone:

Check Date and Time, as many services are very dependant on the timestamp you should set an approprate time-server or even better a time-server-pool. If you have internet access and are based in germany you might want to use following public NTP-server-pool.

0.de.pool.ntp.org
1.de.pool.ntp.org
2.de.pool.ntp.org
3.de.pool.ntp.org

check www.ntp.org for details. If you don't have access to a public NTP-server ask your admin for a local NTP-server.

Keyboard

Select your keyboard layout:

Installation Source

you may point to a local source or a web-based-server

Software Selection

for this example we go for a standard GNOME-Desktop

But you may want to consider a more appropriate selection for your system.

Installation Destination NON-RAID

Typically you will choose Local Standard Disks here

Now we must select a partitioning scheme for our installation. Usually you will want to configure the layout on your own.

This will result in a small /boot and a large / partition as well as a swap partition. Of course, you're free to partition your hard drive however you like it.

type logical volume name mount point size
small database server lv_swap swap 512
lv_home \home 1024
lv_var_log \var\log 1024
lv_var \var 8192
lv_root \ 8192

Click on Done to continue:

  • The hard drive is going to be formatted
  • After the drive being formatted the partitioning layout needs to be written to disk

Installation Destination RAID1

taken from: https://www.tuxfixer.com/centos-7-installation-with-lvm-raid-1-mirroring/

Select both disks from the available devices and choose “I will configure partitioning” option:

You will be redirected to MANUAL PARTITIONING screen.

First create boot partition with the following parameters:
  • mount point: /boot
  • size: 1024MB
  • device type: RAID
  • RAID level: RAID 1 (Mirroring)
  • file system: xfs

Now let’s create swap and root partitions. We will create them inside the volume group called centos which will be placed on top of RAID 1.

Let’s start from swap creation with the following parameters:
  • mount point: swap
  • device type: LVM
  • files system: swap

During swap creation choose Device Type: LVM and click on Modify button in Volume Group area:

Now we need to create centos Volume Group on the top of RAID 1 (using automatic size policy):

swap partition is now created as a Logical Volume named centos-swap:

Now create root partition with the following parameters:
  • mount point: /
  • device type: LVM (use previously created centos VG on top of RAID 1)
  • files system: xfs

root partition is now created as a Logical Volume named centos-root.

Click on Done button, accept all the changes made to the partitions on SUMMARY OF CHANGES screen, return to INSTALLATION SUMMARY screen and continue installation as usual.

4 Install The Base System

Set ROOT password

Give root a password:

Create Additional User

you should always have a user even in a server environment. Use your root access only when necessary to prevent unintended changes to the system.

Initial Setup

Licence Information


If you enable kdump, you may want to stay with the preset defaults.

Let's go Finish

Finally, the installation is complete, and you can remove your CD or DVD from the computer and reboot it:

Welcome to your GNOME-Desktop-Environment.

After finishing our installation let's login the very first time.

We change the screen to a text console via CTRL-ALT-F2

Please provide your username root. Do you still remember the password you thought of a few minutes ago?

get all the latest updates via yum update

The installation begins. This will take a few minutes:

5 Post Installation Steps

check RAID1 status

if XFS on top of LVM on top of RAID1 is used during install following outputs should appear

pvs

  PV         VG        Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree
  /dev/md127 rl_hostXX lvm2 a--  143.14g    0 

vgs

  VG        #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree
  rl_hostXX   1   3   0 wz--n- 143.14g    0 

lvs

  LV   VG        Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
  home rl_hostXX -wi-ao----  18.62g                                                    
  root rl_hostXX -wi-ao---- <93.13g                                                    
  swap rl_hostXX -wi-ao----  31.39g               

cat /proc/mdstat

Personalities : [raid1] 
md127 : active raid1 nvme3n1p3[0] nvme2n1p2[1]
      150096896 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
      bitmap: 1/2 pages [4KB], 65536KB chunk

unused devices: <none>

Install additional packages

With minimal Desktop the most important packages are already installed. If you are curious about installed and available package-groups use

dnf grouplist

and install additional groups via
dnf groupinstall "xxx"

Von Jeremias Keihsler vor 3 Monaten aktualisiert · 4 Revisionen