Install » Historie » Version 1
Jeremias Keihsler, 13.01.2017 08:30
1 | 1 | Jeremias Keihsler | h1. Install Procedure for CentOS 7.x |
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3 | I want to say first that this is not the only way of setting up such a system. There are many ways of achieving this goal but this is the way I take. |
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4 | |||
5 | h2. 1 Requirements |
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6 | |||
7 | To install such a system you will need the following: |
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8 | |||
9 | * Network-Installation-Media @boot.iso@ |
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10 | * <del>The supplied two CentOS 7.x DVDs **or**</del> |
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11 | * <del>Download the two CentOS 7.x DVDs from a mirror next to you (the list of mirrors can be found here:</del> <del>http://isoredirect.centos.org/centos/6/isos/x86_64/).</del> |
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12 | * a fast Internet connection. |
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13 | |||
14 | h2. 2 Preliminary Note |
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15 | |||
16 | In this tutorial I use the hostname @server1.example.com@ with the IP address @192.168.0.100@ and the gateway @192.168.0.1@. These settings might differ for you, so you have to replace them where appropriate. |
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18 | h2. 3 Configure The Base System |
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19 | |||
20 | Boot from your first CentOS 7.x DVD. |
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21 | As it can take a long time to test the installation media we skip this test here and press @<ENTER>@ at the boot prompt: |
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22 | |||
23 | !{width 500}centos7_inst01.png! |
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24 | |||
25 | Choose your language next: |
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26 | |||
27 | !{width 500}centos7_inst02.png! |
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28 | |||
29 | Instead of the step-by-step approach the previous CentOS-installer took, CentOS 7 uses a central point of configuration. |
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30 | We will enter each section and return until all our settings are done. |
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31 | |||
32 | !{width 500}centos7_inst03.png! |
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33 | |||
34 | h3. Network & Hostname |
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35 | |||
36 | Set the hostname manually, e.g. @server1.example.com@ |
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37 | |||
38 | Enable the network interfaces and @configure@ each of them |
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39 | |||
40 | !{width 500}centos7_inst04.png! |
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41 | |||
42 | On to the configure network. The default setting here is to configure the network interfaces with DHCP, but we are installing a server, so static IP addresses are not a bad idea… Click on the Edit button after selecting the interface. |
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43 | |||
44 | !{width 500}centos7_inst07.png! |
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45 | |||
46 | In the window that pops up uncheck Dynamic IP configuration (DHCP) and Enable IPv6 support and give your network card a static IP address (in this tutorial I'm using the IP address 192.168.0.100 for demonstration purposes) and a suitable netmask (e.g. 255.255.255.0; if you are not sure about the right values, http://www.subnetmask.info might help you) also enter a gateway (e.g. 192.168.0.1) and up to two DNS servers (e.g. 8.8.8.8 and 145.253.2.75). By default all interfaces are not connected automatically, in most cases you want to change this. |
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47 | |||
48 | !{width 500}centos7_inst06.png! |
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49 | |||
50 | h3. Date & Time |
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51 | |||
52 | Choose your time zone: |
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53 | |||
54 | Check Date and Time, as many services are very dependant on the timestamp you should set an approprate time-server or even better a time-server-pool. If you have internet access and are based in germany you might want to use following public NTP-server-pool. |
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55 | |||
56 | <pre><code class="bash"> |
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57 | 0.de.pool.ntp.org |
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58 | 1.de.pool.ntp.org |
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59 | 2.de.pool.ntp.org |
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60 | 3.de.pool.ntp.org |
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61 | </code></pre> |
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62 | |||
63 | check www.ntp.org for details. If you don't have access to a public NTP-server ask your admin for a local NTP-server. |
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64 | |||
65 | !{width 500}centos7_inst08.png! |
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66 | |||
67 | h3. Keyboard |
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68 | |||
69 | Select your keyboard layout: |
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70 | |||
71 | !{width 500}centos7_inst09.png! |
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72 | |||
73 | h3. Installation Source |
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74 | |||
75 | you may point to a local source or a web-based-server |
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76 | |||
77 | !{width 500}centos7_inst10.png! |
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78 | |||
79 | h3. Software Selection |
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80 | |||
81 | for this example we go for a standard @GNOME-Desktop@ |
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82 | |||
83 | But you may want to consider a more appropriate selection for your system. |
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84 | |||
85 | !{width 500}centos7_inst11.png! |
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86 | |||
87 | h3. Installation Destination |
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88 | |||
89 | Typically you will choose @Local Standard Disks@ here |
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90 | |||
91 | !{width 500}centos7_inst12.png! |
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92 | |||
93 | Now we must select a partitioning scheme for our installation. Usually you will want to configure the layout on your own. |
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94 | |||
95 | !{width 500}centos7_inst13.png! |
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96 | |||
97 | This will result in a small @/boot@ and a large @/@ partition as well as a swap partition. Of course, you're free to partition your hard drive however you like it. |
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98 | |||
99 | |_. type |_. logical volume name |_. mount point |_. size | |
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100 | |_. small database server | lv_swap | swap | 512| |
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101 | |_. | lv_home | \home | 1024| |
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102 | |_. | lv_var_log | \var\log | 1024| |
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103 | |_. | lv_var | \var | 8192| |
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104 | |_. | lv_root | \ | 8192| |
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105 | |||
106 | Click on @Done@ to continue: |
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107 | |||
108 | !{width 500}centos7_inst14.png! |
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109 | |||
110 | * The hard drive is going to be formatted |
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111 | * After the drive being formatted the partitioning layout needs to be written to disk |
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112 | |||
113 | h2. 4 Install The Base System |
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114 | |||
115 | |||
116 | !{width 500}centos7_inst15.png! |
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117 | |||
118 | !{width 500}centos7_inst16.png! |
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119 | |||
120 | h3. Set ROOT password |
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121 | |||
122 | Give @root@ a password: |
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123 | |||
124 | !{width 500}centos7_inst17.png! |
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125 | |||
126 | h3. Create Additional User |
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127 | |||
128 | you should always have a user even in a server environment. Use your root access only when necessary to prevent unintended changes to the system. |
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129 | |||
130 | !{width 500}centos7_inst18.png! |
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131 | |||
132 | |||
133 | !{width 500}centos7_inst19.png! |
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134 | |||
135 | !{width 500}centos7_inst20.png! |
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136 | |||
137 | h2. Initial Setup |
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140 | |||
141 | !{width 500}centos7_inst21.png! |
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142 | |||
143 | h3. Licence Information |
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145 | |||
146 | !{width 500}centos7_inst22.png! |
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147 | !{width 500}centos7_inst23.png! |
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148 | |||
149 | If you enable kdump, you may want to stay with the preset defaults. |
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150 | |||
151 | Let's go Finish |
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152 | |||
153 | !{width 500}centos7_inst24.png! |
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154 | |||
155 | Finally, the installation is complete, and you can remove your CD or DVD from the computer and reboot it: |
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156 | |||
157 | Welcome to your GNOME-Desktop-Environment. |
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158 | |||
159 | After finishing our installation let's login the very first time. |
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160 | |||
161 | !{width 500}centos7_inst25.png! |
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162 | |||
163 | We change the screen to a text console via @CTRL-ALT-F2@ |
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164 | |||
165 | Please provide your username @root@. Do you still remember the password you thought of a few minutes ago? |
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166 | |||
167 | !{width 500}centos7_inst26.png! |
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168 | |||
169 | get all the latest updates via @yum update@ |
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170 | |||
171 | !{width 500}centos7_inst27.png! |
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172 | |||
173 | The installation begins. This will take a few minutes: |
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174 | |||
175 | h2. 5 Post Installation Steps |
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176 | |||
177 | h3. Install additional packages |
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178 | |||
179 | With @minimal Desktop@ the most important packages are already installed. If you are curious about installed and available package-groups use |
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180 | <pre><code class="bash"> |
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181 | yum grouplist |
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182 | </code></pre> |
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183 | and install additional groups via |
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184 | <pre><code class="bash"> |
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185 | yum groupinstall "xxx" |
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186 | </code></pre> |